Apparatus for forming emulsions of oil and water



March 23 1926.

S. A. BULLOCK ET AL APPARATUS FOR FORMING EMULSIONS OF OIL AND WATERFiled AprilBO, 1924 WITNESSES INVENIORS Patented Man. 23, 132th statesSAMUEL A. B'ULEQCK, F PORT WASHINGTON, AND IBERTEL T. PERRY, 01F SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR FQRIVIING EMULSIONE?) DEE OIL AND WATER.

Application died. April 30, 1 9241. Serial No. 710,096.

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that we, SAMUEL A. BULLOCK and Bnnrnil T. PERRY, bothcitizens of the United States, and residents, respectively,

5 of Port ilashington, in the-county of Nassau and State of New York,and of Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York,have jointly invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatusfor Forming Emulsions of Oil and Water, of which improvement thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention relates to the emulsification of suitable oil and water,and its object is to provide an efiective and desirable apparatus formixing oil, of various compositions, with water, in different desiredproportions, to form water oil emulsions.

By suitable oil, as referred to herein, is meant any oil having thecapacity of being formed into an emulsion with water, by simpleagitation, as, for example, mineral oil compounded with alkali soap, orsulphonated oils combined with mineral oils. The emulsions produced areused principally in the lubrication of metal cutting machine tools, intheir operation in cutting, reaming, sawing, or tapping, etc. Differentproportions of oil and water are required for different kinds of work,and our invention is designed to avoid complicated procedure andstructure, in the provision of accurate proportions of oil and water.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a vertical central section,through an apparatus comprising means suitable for practicmg ourinvention; Fig. 2, a View, partly in elevation, and partly inlongitudinal central section, and on an enlarged scale, of the airsupply valve of said apparatus; and, Fig. 3, a longitudinal centralsection, on an enlarged scale, of the ejector.

In the operation of the apparatus, the oil supply is drawn from a closedtank through a levelling trap, which controls the air pressure in saidtank and maintains the level of oil therein substantially constant, toan ejector supplied with water under pressure.

The rate of flow of water to the ejector is under manual control anddetermines the.

amount of the emulsion delivered by the ejector. The pipe leading theoil to the ejector has a branch through which air can be admitted undervalve control.

The apparatus is shown in the drawing comprises the following elements.A water pressure supplypipe, 1, controlled by a manually operable flowregulating valve, 1*, leads from a reservoir, or other source of supplyof water under ordinary distribution pressure, to a fluid pressureejector, 2; and air is supplied to the ejector, through an air and oilsupply pipe, 3, the supply of air being controlled by a manuallyoperated regulating valve, 3.

An oil storage tank, 4, communicates with the supply pipe, 3,preferably, as shown,

ing at a predetermined distance above the bottom thereof. An air inletpipe, 7, leads into the levelling trap, 5, at its top, and an equalizingpipe, 8, leads from substantially the same level in the levelling trapas that of the bottom of the oil feedpipe, 6. An oil delivery pipe, 9,leads from the levelling trap, near the bottom thereof, to the air andoil supply pipe, 3, and an emulsion delivery pipe, 10, leads from theejector, 2, to a desired point of discharge for the produced emulsion.

In the operation of an apparatus substantially as herein set forth,water under pressure, flows through the pipe, 1, to the ejector, 2. Theaction of the partial vacuum formed by the ejector, draws oil from thelevelling trap, 5, through the pipes, 9 and 3, into the stream of water,and the flow of oil is regulated by the valve, 3, which admits air insufiicient quantity to effect the desired reduction of volume flow ofoil into the practically constant volume flow,of water. The water andoil, commingled under the water pressure, are delivered to a point ofdischarge, through the pipe, 10, in the form of a per-, manent emulsion.

When the oil is drawn from the levelling trap to a level slightly belowthe end of the pipe, 8, air is thereby admitted, through said pipe, intothe oil reservoir, 4, with the result of causing oil to flow, bygravity, from the oil reservoir into the levelling trap, through thepipe, 6. Oil can flow from the reservoir, only when air is admittedthereto and therefore a predetermined level of oil is maintained in thelevelling trap. Air is ad mitted to the levelling trap, through thecontinuously open air inlet pipe, 7. The apparatus above described,which may be installed at inconsiderable expense, is adapted to formemulsions of various desired definite proportions. This result isefiectually attained by the regulation of the flow of oil to theejector, the quantity of oil in the emulsion being greater or lessproportionately to the less or greater admission of air, respectively.to

We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

, 1. An apparatus for forming an emulsion of oil and Water forlubricating purposes, comprising an ejector, v means to supply waterunder pressure to the nozzle thereof, an oil reservoir, pipe connectionsbetween the lower part of said reservoir and said 2. An apparatus forforming an emulsion of oil and Water for lubricating purposes, v

comprising an ejector, means to supply Water under pressure to thenozzle thereof, a closed oil reservoir, a leveling trap, 21' pipeleading from the bottom of said reservoir to a point near the bottom ofsaid trap, an air pipe leading from the top of said res ervoir to apoint near the bottom of said trap, the latter having an inlet for airin its top, a pipe leading from the bottom of said trap to said ejectorand having a branch for the" admission of air to regulate the flow ofoil.

An apparatus for forming an emulsion of oil and water for lubricatingpurposes, comprising an ejector, means to supply water under pressure tothe nozzle thereof, a closed oil reservoir, a constant-level trapconnected to said reservoir and to said ejector, and means to admit airin variable quantities into the connections between saidtrap and saidejector.

SAMUEL A. BULLOCK. BERTEL r. PERRY.

